Market & Policy
Global lead resources are tightening and secondary lead's share of supply keeps rising. With clear industry pain points, technology innovation and policy tailwinds are converging at the same moment — and the window is open now.
Market Size
Secondary lead is now the backbone of refined-lead supply, while a structural high-purity lead gap keeps widening — the market space is vast.
- 75.47 MtGlobal lead reserves
China holds about 22.92%
- ~44%China's share of global lead output
China produces and consumes roughly 44% of the world's lead
- ~67%Secondary lead in refined supply
Global secondary refined lead exceeds 8.3 Mt and keeps growing
- US$20–25BGlobal secondary lead market (2025)
USD per year
- RMB 31–31.5BChina secondary lead market (2025)
RMB per year
- 450–550 kt/yrHigh-purity lead gap
High-purity lead market CAGR 7.4%
Policy Environment
The circular economy, dual carbon goals, battery recycling regulations and Hainan's "Clean Energy Island" positioning open a long-term window for green, advanced capacity.
Circular Economy
High-value recovery of spent lead-acid batteries aligns with the national circular economy strategy and the 15th Five-Year Plan — policy tailwinds continue, and secondary lead's share of supply must keep rising.
Dual Carbon Goals
Solid-phase electrolysis cuts energy use by 60–70% versus conventional processes, with zero exhaust, closed-loop water and full resource recovery — a green path for the lead industry's low-carbon transition.
Battery Recycling Regulations
China keeps building out spent-battery recycling systems and tightening environmental oversight, clearing out non-compliant capacity while rewarding compliant, advanced producers.
Hainan "Clean Energy Island"
Based in the Hainan Free Trade Port, we align with Hainan's clean-energy-island positioning and circular economy industrial park — a dual advantage of policy and location.
Industry Pain Points
Conventional processes are squeezed on environment, profitability, supply chain and efficiency alike — pushing the industry toward greener, higher-value routes.
Rising Compliance Costs
Conventional processes emit heavy lead dust and SO₂; compliance costs keep rising, and over 30% of small and mid-sized firms were shut down in 2024.
Thin Industry Margins
Conventional recycling yields low-value output, leaving the industry with little resilience as environmental and efficiency pressures squeeze profits.
Concentrated Material Supply
Key materials such as lead iodide and 4BS crystals come from a concentrated set of suppliers — a real supply-chain risk.
Low Capacity Utilization
Conventional processes take 12–24 hours per cycle, pushing capacity utilization below 50% — idle assets and long payback periods.
Company Opportunity
Technology innovation, in-house material production and policy tailwinds converge, positioning our solid-phase electrolysis at the center of the industry's transition.
Technology Substitution
Solid-phase electrolysis replaces pyrometallurgy: high-purity lead extracted in one step at ambient temperature and pressure, cutting energy use 60–70%, shrinking the cycle to 4–6 hours and lifting utilization to 80%+.
In-House Material Production
In-house production of lead iodide and 4BS crystals strengthens supply security and removes a key bottleneck for battery makers.
Policy Tailwinds
Circular economy + dual carbon goals + battery recycling regulations + Hainan's clean energy island — four policy tailwinds converge at the same moment, and the window is open now.